\u4e0b\u8ff014\u5219\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u5e76\u9010\u6b65\u505a\u5230\uff1a\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6280\u5de714\u5219<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
1. \u539f\u59cb\u5355\u636e\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u3001\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u5373\u4e00\u5f20\u539f\u59cb\u5355\u636e\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e14\u53ea\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u6216\u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u5f20\u539f\u59cb\u5355\u8bc1\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u6216\u591a\u5f20\u539f\u59cb\u5355\u8bc1\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u3002\u660e\u786e\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f55\u5165\u754c\u9762\u5927\u6709\u597d\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u3016\u4f8b1\u3017\uff1a\u4e00\u4efd\u5458\u5de5\u5c65\u5386\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u8868\uff1a\u5458\u5de5\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u8868\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u8868\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b80\u5386\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f”\u4e00\u5f20\u539f\u59cb\u5355\u8bc1\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53”\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
2. \u4e3b\u952e\u4e0e\u5916\u952e<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e0d\u80fd\u65e2\u65e0\u4e3b\u952e\u53c8\u65e0\u5916\u952e\u3002\u5728E?R \u56fe\u4e2d, \u5904\u4e8e\u53f6\u5b50\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53, \u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u952e(\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u65e0\u5b50\u5b59), \u4f46\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u5916\u952e(\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6709\u7236\u4eb2)\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0e\u5916\u952e\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5360\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5f53\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bf4\uff1a”\u952e\uff0c\u5230\u5904\u90fd\u662f\u952e\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u952e\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709”\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e4b\u8c08\uff0c\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6838\u5fc3(\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b)\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u62bd\u8c61\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a\u4e3b\u952e\u662f\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0e\u5916\u952e\u7684\u914d\u5bf9\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
3. \u57fa\u672c\u8868\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u4e0e\u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
(1) \u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u518d\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
(2) \u539f\u59cb\u6027\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e(\u57fa\u7840\u6570\u636e)\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
(3) \u6f14\u7ece\u6027\u3002\u7531\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
(4) \u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u8981\u957f\u671f\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5c06\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u4e0e\u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
4. \u8303\u5f0f\u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u53ca\u5176\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb, \u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u6ee1\u8db3\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u964d\u4f4e\u8303\u5f0f\u6807\u51c6\uff1a\u9002\u5f53\u589e\u52a0\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u3016\u4f8b2\u3017\uff1a\u6709\u4e00\u5f20\u5b58\u653e\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u88681\u6240\u793a\u3002”\u91d1\u989d”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8be5\u8868\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a”\u91d1\u989d”\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531”\u5355\u4ef7”\u4e58\u4ee5”\u6570\u91cf”\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e”\u91d1\u989d”\u662f\u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u589e\u52a0”\u91d1\u989d”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u5728Rose 2002\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u5217\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5217\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5217\u3002”\u91d1\u989d”\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5217\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a”\u8ba1\u7b97\u5217”\uff0c\u800c”\u5355\u4ef7”\u548c”\u6570\u91cf”\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5217\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a”\u6570\u636e\u5217”\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u88681 \u5546\u54c1\u8868\u7684\u8868\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u5546\u54c1\u540d\u79f0 \u5546\u54c1\u578b\u53f7 \u5355\u4ef7 \u6570\u91cf \u91d1\u989d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7535\u89c6\u673a 29? 2,500 40 100,000<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
5. \u901a\u4fd7\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4e09\u4e2a\u8303\u5f0f<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u901a\u4fd7\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4e09\u4e2a\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5927\u6709\u597d\u5904\u3002\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u4e09\u4e2a\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u4fd7\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4e09\u4e2a\u8303\u5f0f(\u901a\u4fd7\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u591f\u7528\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u79d1\u5b66\u6700\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u7406\u89e3)\uff1a<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a1NF\u662f\u5bf9\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5c5e\u6027\u5177\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u518d\u5206\u89e3;<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a2NF\u662f\u5bf9\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u60df\u4e00\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u8bb0\u5f55\u6709\u60df\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u5373\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u60df\u4e00\u6027;<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a3NF\u662f\u5bf9\u5b57\u6bb5\u5197\u4f59\u6027\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5373\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u80fd\u7531\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u5197\u4f59.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u6ca1\u6709\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u964d\u4f4e\u8303\u5f0f\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u9002\u5f53\u4fdd\u7559\u5197\u4f59\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u9075\u5b88\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u8303\u5f0f\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u653e\u5230\u7269\u7406\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u8003\u8651\u3002\u964d\u4f4e\u8303\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5197\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
6. \u8981\u5584\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u82e5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u6d88\u9664\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6d88\u9664\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u589e\u52a0\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8981\u5c06\u539f\u6765\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5408\u7406\u5730\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u5f20\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u3016\u4f8b3\u3017\uff1a\u5728”\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf”\u4e2d\uff0c”\u56fe\u4e66”\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c”\u8bfb\u8005”\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u4e00\u672c\u56fe\u4e66\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u591a\u4e2a\u8bfb\u8005\u501f\u9605\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u8005\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u591a\u672c\u56fe\u4e66\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u589e\u52a0\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f53\u53d6\u540d\u4e3a”\u501f\u8fd8\u4e66”\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e3a\uff1a\u501f\u8fd8\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u501f\u8fd8\u6807\u5fd7(0\u8868\u793a\u501f\u4e66\uff0c1\u8868\u793a\u8fd8\u4e66)\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5916\u952e(“\u56fe\u4e66”\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c”\u8bfb\u8005”\u7684\u4e3b\u952e)\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u80fd\u4e0e”\u56fe\u4e66”\u548c”\u8bfb\u8005”\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
7. \u4e3b\u952ePK\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
PK\u662f\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8868\u95f4\u8fde\u63a5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u65e0\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e32, \u7531\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u52a8\u52a01\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6709\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u524d\u8005\u6bd4\u540e\u8005\u597d\u3002\u5f53PK\u662f\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0d\u8981\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u591a\u4e86\u4e0d\u4f46\u7d22\u5f15\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
8. \u6b63\u786e\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0e\u5916\u952e\u5728\u591a\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0, \u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5fc5\u987b\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u975e\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0, \u624d\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59!\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4e\u7ea7\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u5373\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5197\u4f59\u4e0d\u662f\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u3016\u4f8b4\u3017\uff1a\u5546\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684”\u5355\u4ef7\u3001\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u91d1\u989d”\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c”\u91d1\u989d”\u5c31\u662f\u7531”\u5355\u4ef7”\u4e58\u4ee5”\u6570\u91cf”\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u4f4e\u7ea7\u5197\u4f59\u624d\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u4e0a\u591a\u6b21\u5f55\u5165\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5021\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5197\u4f59(\u6d3e\u751f\u6027\u5197\u4f59)\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u4f4e\u7ea7\u5197\u4f59(\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u5197\u4f59)\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
9. E–R\u56fe\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684E-R\u56fe\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u753b\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u60df\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5b83\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\u8981\u4fee\u6539E-R\u56fe\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u60df\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u597d\u7684E?R\u56fe\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u662f\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u5173\u8054\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2a\u6570\u9002\u4e2d\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u5206\u914d\u5408\u7406\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u4f4e\u7ea7\u5197\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
10. \u89c6\u56fe\u6280\u672f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5f88\u6709\u7528<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u8868\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u865a\u8868\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u7684\u5b9e\u8868\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u89c6\u56fe\u662f\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f, \u662f\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u5904\u7406\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd0\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u8282\u7701\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4, \u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e09\u5c42\u3002 \u82e5\u4e09\u5c42\u89c6\u56fe\u4ecd\u4e0d\u591f\u7528, \u5219\u5e94\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e34\u65f6\u8868, \u5728\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u4e0a\u518d\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53cd\u590d\u4ea4\u8fed\u5b9a\u4e49, \u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c31\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6280\u672f\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5229\u76ca\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u5b8c\u6210\u7269\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c42\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u53ea\u51c6\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u5e26\u7740\u591a\u4e2a\u4eba\u5458\u5171\u540c\u638c\u63e1\u7684”\u5b89\u5168\u94a5\u5319”\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8bf7\u8bfb\u8005\u60f3\u60f3\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
11. \u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\u3001\u62a5\u8868\u548c\u4e34\u65f6\u8868<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u62a5\u8868\u6216\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0e\u5916\u952e(\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u9664\u5916)\u3002\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u4e34\u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6240\u7528\u3002\u57fa\u8868\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\u7531DBA\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u7531\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u52a8\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
12. \u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u57df\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a\u7528Check\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aCheck\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u57ce\u3002\u53c2\u7167\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a\u7528PK\u3001FK\u3001\u8868\u7ea7\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
13. \u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6253\u8865\u4e01\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f”\u4e09\u5c11\u539f\u5219”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
(1) \u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8868\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u8d8a\u5c11\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8868\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684E–R\u56fe\u5c11\u800c\u7cbe\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u4e86\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4e86\u6253\u8865\u4e01\u5f0f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1;<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
(2) \u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2a\u6570\u8d8a\u5c11\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5efa\u4e3b\u952e\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u505a\u4e3a\u5b50\u8868\u7684\u5916\u952e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2a\u6570\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8282\u7701\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8282\u7701\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4;<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
(3) \u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2a\u6570\u8d8a\u5c11\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u4e14\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u7763\u4fc3\u8bfb\u8005\u5b66\u4f1a”\u5217\u53d8\u884c”\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u9632\u6b62\u4e86\u5c06\u5b50\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u62c9\u5165\u5230\u4e3b\u8868\u4e2d\u53bb\uff0c\u5728\u4e3b\u8868\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u8bb8\u591a\u7a7a\u4f59\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u6240\u8c13”\u5217\u53d8\u884c”\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u4e3b\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u62c9\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u5355\u72ec\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u4e0d\u91c7\u7eb3\u3001\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u539f\u5219\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59\u548c\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u3002”\u4e09\u5c11”\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b64\u7acb\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u3002\u8be5\u539f\u5219\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u3002”\u4e09\u591a”\u539f\u5219\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u8bd5\u60f3\uff1a\u82e5\u8986\u76d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u540c\u6837\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u767e\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53(\u5171\u4e00\u5343\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027) \u7684E-R\u56fe\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4e8c\u767e\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53(\u5171\u4e8c\u5343\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027) \u7684E-R\u56fe\uff0c\u8981\u597d\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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