{"id":410,"date":"2017-03-24T20:00:50","date_gmt":"2017-03-24T12:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/?p=410"},"modified":"2017-03-24T10:16:52","modified_gmt":"2017-03-24T02:16:52","slug":"iptables%e7%9a%84%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/?p=410","title":{"rendered":"iptables\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u914d\u7f6e\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"

iptables\u5305\u542b4\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c5\u4e2a\u94fe\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8868\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u533a\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u94fe\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Hook\u70b9\u6765\u533a\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u8868\u548c\u94fe\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662fnetfilter\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u4e2a\u8868:filter,nat,mangle,raw\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8868\u662ffilter\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u662ffilter\u8868\uff09\u3002\u8868\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1araw>mangle>nat>filter\u3002<\/p>\n

filter\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n

nat:\u7528\u4e8enat\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u7b49\uff09<\/p>\n

mangle:\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n

raw:\u6709\u9650\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6eraw\u65f6\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u518d\u8ba9iptables\u505a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd<\/p>\n

5\u4e2a\u94fe\uff1aPREROUTING,INPUT,FORWARD,OUTPUT,POSTROUTING\u3002<\/p>\n

PREROUTING:\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e4b\u524d<\/p>\n

INPUT:\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u8868\u540e\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e3a\u672c\u673a<\/p>\n

FORWARDING:\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e0d\u4e3a\u672c\u673a<\/p>\n

OUTPUT:\u7531\u672c\u673a\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5411\u5916\u8f6c\u53d1<\/p>\n

POSTROUTIONG:\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7f51\u5361\u63a5\u53e3\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a
\n\"\"<\/a>
\niptables\u4e2d\u8868\u548c\u94fe\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

iptables [-p table] \u94fe\u7ba1\u7406 chain
\n-t table : filter,nat,mangle,raw (\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a filter)<\/p>\n

\u94fe\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n

-F : \u6e05\u7a7a\u89c4\u5219\u94fe
\n-N\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u94fe
\n-X : drop \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u94fe
\n-P : Policy \u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\uff1biptables -t filter -P FORWARD DROP
\n-E\uff1a\u91cd\u547d\u4ee4\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe
\n\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n

-A\uff1a\u848b\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u94fe\u4e0a
\n-I\uff1a\u5c06\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e
\n-D\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219
\n-R\uff1a\u66ff\u4ee3\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u89c4\u5219
\n\u67e5\u770b\uff1a<\/p>\n

-L\uff1a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219
\n-n -v \u2013line-numbers -x \u7b49\u53c2\u6570
\n\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a
\n\u57fa\u672c\u5339\u914d\uff1a
\n-s \u539f\u5730\u5740IP
\n-d \u76ee\u7684IP
\n-p \u534f\u8bae{tcp|udp|icmp}
\n-i \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6d41\u5165\u63a5\u53e3
\n-o \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6d41\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3
\n\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\uff1a-m match_name
\n\u2013dport PORT:\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3
\n\u2013sport PORT:\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3
\n-p udp|tcp|icmp
\n\u2013icmp-type
\n0 : echo-reply
\n8 : echo-request<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u6807\uff1a
\n-j TARGET\uff1ajump\u81f3\u6307\u5b9a\u7684TARGET
\n– ACCEPT \u63a5\u53d7
\n– DROP \u4e22\u5f03
\n– REJECT \u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee
\n– RETURN \u8fd4\u56de\u8c03\u7528\u94fe<\/p>\n

\u9644\u4e0a\u6211\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8868<\/p>\n

\u00a0\r\n# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Thu Mar 23 22:06:54 2017\r\n*nat\r\n:PREROUTING ACCEPT [8425:444538]\r\n:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [10364:680303]\r\n:OUTPUT ACCEPT [10364:680303]\r\n:DOCKER - [0:0]\r\n-A PREROUTING -m addrtype --dst-type LOCAL -j DOCKER\r\n-A POSTROUTING -s 172.17.0.0\/16 ! -o docker0 -j MASQUERADE\r\n-A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.77.0\/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE\r\n-A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0\/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE\r\n-A OUTPUT ! -d 127.0.0.0\/8 -m addrtype --dst-type LOCAL -j DOCKER\r\nCOMMIT\r\n# Completed on Thu Mar 23 22:06:54 2017\r\n# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Thu Mar 23 22:06:54 2017\r\n*filter\r\n:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]\r\n:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]\r\n:OUTPUT ACCEPT [381828:947063402]\r\n:DOCKER - [0:0]\r\n:l - [0:0]\r\n-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\r\n-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT\r\n-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8388 -j ACCEPT\r\n-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\r\n-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT\r\n-A INPUT -s 10.8.0.0\/24 -j ACCEPT\r\n-A INPUT -p gre -j ACCEPT\r\n-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable\r\n-A FORWARD -i docker0 ! -o docker0 -j ACCEPT\r\n-A FORWARD -o docker0 -j DOCKER\r\n-A FORWARD -i tun+ -j ACCEPT\r\n-A FORWARD -o docker0 -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\r\n-A FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j ACCEPT\r\nCOMMIT\r\n# Completed on Thu Mar 23 22:06:54 2017\r\n<\/pre>\n
iptables -F
\niptables -X
\niptables -F -t mangle
\niptables -t mangle -X
\niptables -F -t nat
\niptables -t nat -X
\n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u628a\u4e09\u4e2a\u8868\u6e05\u7a7a\uff0c\u628a\u81ea\u5efa\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6e05\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -P INPUT DROP
\niptables -P OUTPUT DROP
\niptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
\n\u8bbe\u5b9aINPUT\u3001OUTPUT\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\u4e3aDROP\uff0cFORWARD\u4e3aACCEPT\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
\n\u5148\u628a\u201c\u56de\u73af\u201d\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u6709\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -A INPUT -i eth+ -p icmp –icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A OUTPUT -o eth+ -p icmp –icmp-type 0 -j ACCEPT
\n\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u6253\u5f00ping\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.100.250 -d 192.168.100.1 -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -d 192.168.100.250 -s 192.168.100.1 -p tcp –sport 22 -j ACCEPT
\n\u6253\u5f0022\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\uff08\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5668IP\u5fc5\u987b\u662f250\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u4eceeth0\u7f51\u5361\u8fdb\u5165\uff09<\/p>\n
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.100.0\/24 -p tcp –dport 3128 -m state –state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -d 192.168.100.0\/24 -p tcp –sport 3128 -m state –state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A INPUT -i eth1 -s 192.168.168.0\/24 -p tcp –dport 3128 -m state –state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A OUTPUT -o eth1 -d 192.168.168.0\/24 -p tcp –sport 3128 -m state –state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A INPUT -i eth2 -p tcp –dport 32768:61000 -m state –state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A OUTPUT -o eth2 -p tcp –sport 32768:61000 -m state –state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A OUTPUT -o eth2 -p udp –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A INPUT -i eth2 -p udp –sport 53 -j ACCEPT
\n\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u51e0\u53e5\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5934\u75db\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u505a\u9010\u4e00\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.100.0\/24 -p tcp –dport 3128 -m state –state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\n\u5141\u8bb8192.168.100.0\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u673a\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4eceeth0\u7f51\u5361\u8fdb\u5165\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662ftcp\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u662f3128\uff08\u56e0\u4e3aREDIRECT\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a80\u6539\u4e3a3128\u4e86\u3002nat\u8868\u7684PREROUTING\u662f\u5728filter\u8868\u7684INPUT\u524d\u9762\u7684\u3002\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u518d\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5fc5\u987b\u662fNEW\u6216\u8005ESTABLISHED\u7684\uff08NEW\u4ee3\u8868tcp\u4e09\u6bb5\u5f0f\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u63e1\u201d\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u673a\u5668\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u94fe\u63a5\u7533\u8bf7\u3002ESTABLISHED\u8868\u793a\u901a\u8fc7\u63e1\u624b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth2 -p tcp –sport 32768:61000 -m state –state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\n\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u4e00\u53e5\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u5165\u5230linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u6765\u4e86\u3002squid\u9700\u8981\u4ee3\u66ff\u4f60\u53bb\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u8981\u4f7f\u752832768\u523061000\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\uff08\u5927\u5bb6\u4f1a\u5947\u602a\u5e94\u8be5\u662f1024\u523065535\u5427\u3002\u5176\u5b9eCentOS\u7248\u7684linux\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u662f32768\u523061000\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7cat \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_local_port_range\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\uff09\u518d\u6b21\u58f0\u660e\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u662fsquid\u4ee5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u53bb\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u662f32768:61000\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f3128\uff01<\/p>\n
iptables -A INPUT -i eth2 -p tcp –dport 32768:61000 -m state –state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\n\u5f53\u7136\u4e86\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6709\u53bb\u5c31\u6709\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -d 192.168.100.0\/24 -p tcp –sport 3128 -m state –state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\n\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fd8\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8f6c\u5230\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u662fsquid\u5e2e\u4f60\u53bb\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5185\u7f51\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u673a\u5668\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u800csquid\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u521a\u624d\u5bf9\u5916\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u662f3128\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f32768:61000\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth2 -p udp –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A INPUT -i eth2 -p udp –sport 53 -j ACCEPT
\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0cDNS\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables -A INPUT -i eth+ -p tcp –dport 80 -j LOG –log-prefix “iptables_80_alert” –log-level info
\niptables -A INPUT -i eth+ -p tcp –dport 21 -j LOG –log-prefix “iptables_21_alert” –log-level info
\niptables -A INPUT -i eth+ -p tcp –dport 22 -j LOG –log-prefix “iptables_22_alert” –log-level info
\niptables -A INPUT -i eth+ -p tcp –dport 25 -j LOG –log-prefix “iptables_25_alert” –log-level info
\niptables -A INPUT -i eth+ -p icmp –icmp-type 8 -j LOG –log-prefix “iptables_icmp8_alert” –log-level info
\n\u5f53\u7136\u4e86\uff0c\u6765\u70b9\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7f51\u7ba1\u5458\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n
iptables \u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u94fe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c
\n1\u3001\u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002
\n1\uff09\u6e05\u9664\u9884\u8bbe\u8868filter\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002
\n# iptables -F
\n2\uff09\u6e05\u9664\u9884\u8bbe\u8868filter\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u81ea\u5b9a\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002
\n#iptables -X
\n#iptables -Z
\n2\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u94fe\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n1\uff09\u9996\u5148\u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7981\u6b62\u6709\u5371\u9669\u7684\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u653e\u706b\u5899\u3002
\n#iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
\n#iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
\n#iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
\n2\uff09\u9996\u5148\u7981\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002
\n#iptables -P INPUT DROP
\n#iptables -P OUTPUT DROP
\n#iptables -P FORWARD DROP
\n3\u3001\u5217\u51fa\u8868\/\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u5217\u51fafilter\u8868\u3002
\n#iptables -L
\n4\u3001\u5411\u94fe\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u653e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff1a
\n#iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
\n#iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
\n#iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -j ACEPT
\n#iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth1 -j ACCEPT
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -j ACCEPT
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -0 eth1 -j ACCEPT
\n\u6ce8\u610f:\u7531\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7FORWARD\u94fe\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56de\u73af\u63a5\u53e3lo\u53ea\u5728INPUT\u548cOUTPUT\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u4e0a\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
\n5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u3002
\n#iptables -N custom
\n#iptables -A custom -s 0\/0 -d 0\/0 -p icmp -j DROP
\n#iptables -A INPUT -s 0\/0 -d 0\/0 -j DROP
\n\u4e8c\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d
\n1\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n1\uff09\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp
\n2\uff09\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u534f\u8bae\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p !tcp
\n2\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n1\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.18
\n2\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.2.0\/24
\n3\uff09\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -s !192.168.0.19
\n4\uff09\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -s ! 192.168.3.0\/24
\n3\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n1\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -i eth0
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -o eth0
\n2\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -o ppp+
\n4\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n1\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u5355\u4e00\u7aef\u53e3\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –sport www
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p udp \u2013dport 53
\n2\uff09\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp \u2013dport !22
\n3\uff09\u5339\u914d\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp \u2013sport 22:80
\n4\uff09\u5339\u914dICMP\u7aef\u53e3\u548cICMP\u7c7b\u578b\u3002
\n#iptables -A INOUT -p icmp \u2013icimp-type 8
\n5\uff09\u6307\u5b9aip\u788e\u7247\u3002
\n\u6bcf
\n\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aMTU\uff08\u6700\u5927\u4f20\u8f93\u5355\u5143\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5927\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5212\u5206\u6210\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305
\n\uff08\u79f0\u4e3aip\u788e\u7247\uff09\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u800c\u63a5\u53d7\u65b9\u5219\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9bip\u788e\u7247\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u7ec4\u4ee5\u8fd8\u539f\u6574\u4e2a\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5212\u5206\u6210ip\u788e\u7247\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u788e\u7247\u542b\u6709
\n\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5305\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\uff08IP+TCP\u3001UDP\u548cICMP\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u788e\u7247\u53ea\u6709\u5305\u5934\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u540e\u9762\u7684ip\u788e\u7247\u7684\u5934\u90e8\uff08\u8c61\u6709
\nTCP\u3001UDP\u548cICMP\u4e00\u6837\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff1a
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -s 192.168.1.0\/24 -d 192.168.2.100 \u2013dport 80 -j ACCEPT
\n\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u65f6\u7684FORWARD\u7684policy\u4e3aDROP\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aip\u788e\u7247\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u800c\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u788e\u7247\u56e0\u4e3a\u5305\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u2014fragment\/-f \u9009\u9879\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684ip\u788e\u7247\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -f -s 192.168.1.0\/24 -d 192.168.2.100 -j ACCEPT
\n\u6ce8\u610f\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u8fdb\u884cip\u788e\u7247\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5982DoS\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5141\u8bb8ip\u788e\u7247\u901a\u8fc7\u662f\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528iptables\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6269\u5c55\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002
\n\u4e09\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\uff08\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5df2\u5ffd\u7565\u76ee\u6807\u52a8\u4f5c\uff09
\n1\u3001\u591a\u7aef\u53e3\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n1\uff09\u5339\u914d\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport \u2013sport 22,53,80,110
\n2\uff09\u5339\u914d\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport \u2013dpoort 22,53,80
\n3\uff09\u5339\u914d\u591a\u7aef\u53e3(\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u8fd8\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff09
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport \u2013port 22,53,80,110
\n2\u3001\u6307\u5b9aTCP\u5339\u914d\u6269\u5c55
\n\u4f7f\u7528 \u2013tcp-flags \u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636etcp\u5305\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp \u2013tcp-flags SYN,FIN,ACK SYN
\n#iptables -A FROWARD -p tcp \u2013tcp-flags ALL SYN,ACK
\n\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793aSYN\u3001ACK\u3001FIN\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u90fd\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u6709SYN\u5339\u914d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8868\u793aALL\uff08SYN\uff0cACK\uff0cFIN\uff0cRST\uff0cURG\uff0cPSH\uff09\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u90fd\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86SYN\u548cACK\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002
\n#iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp –syn
\n\u9009\u9879\u2014syn\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u201d–tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN\u201d\u7684\u7b80\u5199\u3002
\n3\u3001limit\u901f\u7387\u5339\u914d\u6269\u5c55\u3002
\n1\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\/second\u3001\/minute\u3001\/hour\u3001\/day\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u6bcd\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -m limit –limit 300\/hour
\n2 )\u6307\u5b9a\u89e6\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u9600\u503c\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -m limit \u2013limit-burst 10
\n\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u5bf9\u4e00\u6b21\u540c\u65f6\u6d8c\u5165\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc710\u4e2a\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e0a\u9650\u7684\u5305\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u5f03\u3002
\n3\uff09\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u548c\u89e6\u53d1\u9600\u503c\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m limit \u2013-limit 3\/m \u2013limit-burst 3
\n\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5305\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a\u9650\u5236\u901f\u7387\uff08\u672c\u4f8b\u4e3a3\uff09\u52a0\u4e0a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u9600\u503cburst\u6570\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4fdd\u8bc13\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u9600\u503cburst\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5141\u8bb8\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5305\u6570\u91cf\u3002
\n4\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6269\u5c55\uff08\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff09
\n\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u3001\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5bf9\uff08socket pairs\uff09\uff1b\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\uff08TCP\u534f\u8bae\uff09
\n\u548c\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u79f0\u4e3a\u72b6\u6001\uff08stateful\uff09\u3002\u72b6\u6001\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u80fd\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u6bd4\u7b80\u5355\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\niptables -m state \u2013-state [!]state [,state,state,state]
\n\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cstate\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u5272\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\uff0c4\u79cd\uff1a
\n>NEW: \u8be5\u5305\u60f3\u8981\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u6216\u8fde\u63a5\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff09
\n>RELATED:\u8be5\u5305\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a
\nFTP\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u662fRELATED\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\n>ESTABLISHED\uff1a\u8be5\u5305\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002
\n>INVALID:\u8be5\u5305\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u88abDROP\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
\n\uff081\uff09\u5728INPUT\u94fe\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6216\u7531\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5373\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u7684TCP\u56de\u5e94\u5305\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -m state \u2013state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
\n\uff082\uff09\u5728INPUT\u94fe\u94fe\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u4ece\u975eeth0\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -m state -\u2013state NEW -i !eth0
\n\u53c8\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eftp\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff1a
\n\uff081\uff09\u88ab\u52a8\uff08Passive\uff09ftp\u8fde\u63a5\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002
\n#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –sport 1024: –dport 1024: -m state \u2013-state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\n#iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp –sport 1024: –dport 1024: -m
\nstate -\u2013state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
\n\uff082\uff09\u4e3b\u52a8\uff08Active\uff09ftp\u8fde\u63a5\u6a21\u5f0f
\n#iptables -A INNPUT -p tcp –sport 20 -m state \u2013-state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
\n#iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp \u2013OUTPUT -p tcp \u2013dport 20 -m state –state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
iptables\u5305\u542b4\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c5\u4e2a\u94fe\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8868\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u533a\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u94fe\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Hook\u70b9\u6765\u533a\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u8868\u548c\u94fe\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662fnetfilter\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002 4\u4e2a\u8868:filter,nat,mangle,raw\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8868\u662ffilter\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u662ffilter\u8868\uff09\u3002\u8868\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1araw>mangle>nat&<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[203,204],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=410"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":417,"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410\/revisions\/417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.codeeel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}